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Ahl al Bayt

In Islamic tradition, Ahl al Bayt ( People of the House, People of the Household or Family of the House) primarily refers to the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and, to a lesser extent (according to Muslims), his ancestor the Islamic prophet Ibrahim (Abraham). In Shia Islam, the Ahl al-Bayt are central to Islam and interpreters of the Quran. Shiites believe that they consist of Muhammad; his daughter, Fatimah; his son-in-law, Ali; and their children, Hasan and Husayn, known collectively as the Ahl al-Kisa (People of the Cloak). Twelvers also emphasize the Twelve Imams as Muhammad’s descendants; other Shi’ites sects emphasize other descendants, such as Zayd ibn Ali (in the case of Zaidiyyah) and Isma’il ibn Ja’far (in the case of Isma’ilism). In Sunni Islam, Muhammad’s Ahl al-Bayt refers to Muhammad himself; his wives, his daughters, Zainab, Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum and Fatimah; his cousin and son-in-law, Ali; and the two sons of Fatimah and Ali, Husayn and Hasan. In certain traditions, the term may be extended to include the descendants of Muhammad’s paternal uncles Abu Talib and al-‘Abbas or, according to Malik ibn Anas and Abu Hanifa, the Banu Hashim.