Persian Empire
Hegel considers the Iranians to be the first historical nation and the Persian Empire to be the first empire in history. The history of Iran begins with the arrival of the Aryans, from whom Iran is also named, on the plateau of Iran. But this does not mean that the plateau of Iran was deserted or civilized before their arrival.
During the one hundred and fifty years of archaeological excavations in Iran, the prehistoric period of Iran has not been explored in the same way. While extensive excavations have been carried out in the western and southern regions, the northern and eastern regions remain relatively undiscovered. The Paleolithic era has been overlooked. In contrast, the Neolithic period has been considerably studied in order to study the formation of monoclasticity. The early and middle Mesopotamian periods have also received little attention. However, the Late Cretaceous period has been well studied to examine the formation of the state. The study of the Early Bronze Age suffers from the same heterogeneity. While the pre-Elamite period has been a favorite subject of exploration, the Yankee culture in northwestern Iran has been ignored. The process of urbanization and exchange between regions in the Middle Bronze Age has been studied, but the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age have not been studied. Periods have been extensively studied since it coincided with the formation of the Medes and Achaemenids.
Before the Aryans, the civilizations of the “Shahr-e Sukhteh” burnt city (in Sistan and Baluchestan), the civilization of the inhabitants of Sialk Hills (in Kashan), the civilization of Ilam (in the north of Khuzestan), the civilization of the Menaiyan (in Buchan, Kurdistan and West Azerbaijan), the civilization of Parsava (in Piranshahr), civilization Jiroft (in Kerman), the Ellipi Kingdom (in Kermanshah (capital) and Kurdistan), the Lulubian civilization (in Kermanshah (capital), Kurdistan and Azerbaijan), the Goths (in Kurdistan, Kermanshah and Azerbaijan),
the Hasanlu hill in the south of West Azerbaijan, the Darreh Ganj civilization (in Harsin, Kermanshah), Zivieh civilization (in Saqez, Kurdistan), Goran hill civilization (in Gilan Gharb, Kermanshah), Sheikhabad and Jani hills civilization (in Dinur, Kermanshah), Godin Tappeh civilization (in Kangavar, Kermanshah), Ali Kesh hill in Ilam, Eskandari (in Hafshjan), Urartu civilization (in Azerbaijan), Hesar hill (in Damghan, Semnan), Shahdad hill (in Kerman), Gyan hill (in Nahavand, Hamedan), Kasian civilization (first between Rudan and then in Zagros), Tapours They were in Tabaristan (Mazandaran) and… in Iran.
Achaemenids
The Achaemenid Empire (Achaemenid Empire (550-330 BC, “220”) was an ancient empire founded by Cyrus the Great. The kings of this dynasty were Persians and traced their lineage to the “Achaemenids” who were the leaders of the Pasargadae dynasty. The Achaemenids must have been around the end of the eighth century or the first quarter of the seventh century BC. M has been in power. The Achaemenids were first the native kings of Persia and then Anshan, but with the defeat of Cyrus the Great over Ishtvigo, the last king of the Medes, and then the conquest of Lydia and Babylon, the Achaemenid kingdom became a great empire. Therefore, Cyrus the Great, a descendant of Shah Anshan, considers Cyrus I, Cambyses I, the founder of the Achaemenid Empire.
The Achaemenid Empire was so vast that it stretched from the Indus Valley in India to the Nile River in Egypt and the Benghazi region in present-day Libya, and from the Danube River in Europe to Central Asia.. The kingdom of the Persians and the Achaemenid dynasty is one of the prominent events of ancient history. The Achaemenid Empire is considered to be the first empire in the history of the world. Religious acceptance was one of the characteristics of the Achaemenid Empire. More than 49 million of the world’s 112 million people lived in the land at the time. During the Achaemenid period, thirty different nations were under this empire.
Sassanids
The 25-year Iran-Rome War, which lasted from 602 to 628, overthrew the political order that had dominated the region for three centuries, creating a power vacuum in which Arab Muslim armies defeated the two empires, and established the emerging empire of the Caliphate. During this war, Khosrow Parviz first conquered the lands of Syria and Egypt, but in the end, the counterattack of Heraclitus led to the defeat and retreat of the Sassanids. Following this, Khosro Parviz was assassinated and covered a period of several years of political chaos during the Sassanid court. Finally, Yazdgerd III ascended the throne. Although the Sassanid Empire’s army had suffered little damage in the war, and natural barriers, including the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, as well as the Zagros Mountains, defended Iran against invaders, the Sassanid Empire was further weakened by internal political divisions to be able to resist the attack of Muslim troops. This war eroded both empires and led to an internal political crisis for the Sassanids. The Sassanids were further weakened by economic decline, heavy taxes to finance Khosrow Parviz’s campaigns, and the rise of local kings to the king.
History of Iran after Islam
After the establishment of Islam in Iran, which occurred as a result of the victory of the Muslim Arabs over the Sassanids and their conquest of Iran, many changes took place in the social, religious and political spheres of Iran.
Read About Persian History
If you are interested in the history of Iran, ShopiPersia is the largest online Persian bookstore where you can find many books about the history of Iran